IoT Mashup - Webinos iot-2013-07-23 Raggett

IoT Mashup - Webinos iot-2013-07-23 Raggett from webinos project

Transcript

• 1. Expanding the Web beyond desktop and mobile to the Web of Things Webinos IoT Workshop, Oxford 23 July 2013 Dave Raggett <dsr@w3.org>
• 2. 2 Before the Web
• 3. 3 Vannevar Bush ● Scientific advisor to President Roosevelt ● “As We May Think” published July 1945 in The Atlantic Monthly ● A conceptual machine (the Memex) that can store vast quantities of interlinked information ● Same article describes the Cyclops Camera: ● "worn on forehead, it would photograph anything you see and want to record”
• 4. 4 Douglas Engelbart ● Mid-1960's Inventor of the computer mouse, he led work on hypertext and graphical user interfaces at SRI International
• 5. 5 Ted Nelson ● 1960 – launches Project Xanadu ● Goal: a networked pay-per-document hypertext database encompassing all written information ● 1965 – Ted coins the term “Hypertext” ● in "A File Structure for the Complex, the Changing, and the Indeterminate". 20th National Conference, New York, Association for Computing Machinery
• 6. 6 Other Pioneers ● Alan Kay ● Object oriented computing and window based graphical user interfaces in the 70's whilst at Xerox PARC – “The best way to predict the future is to invent it!” ● Bill Atkinson ● Developer of the Apple Hypercard system – Hypermedia apps with a stack of cards, graphics and simple scripting, first released in 1987
• 7. 7 CERN – birthplace of the Web ● International research centre for high energy physics located near Geneva ● Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Atlas detector ● Probing conditions at earliest moments of the Universe
• 8. 8 Tim Berners-Lee ● Friend of a friend at Oxford, we first meet in '92 ● 1980 Develops “Enquire” as a simple hypertext system whilst consulting for CERN ● 1989 Project proposal for World Wide Web ● 1994 Founds W3C to lead the Web to its full potential
• 9. 9 Enquire > ENQUIRE Enquire V 1.1 Hello! Opening file (PSK-PCP)VAC-V1:ENQR... PSB Vacuum Control System (concept) < O> --- ------ ------- ------ [ 1] described-by: Enquiry System An experimental system for which this is a test. [ 2] includes: Vacuum History System Records and displays slow changes in pressure. [ 3] includes: Vacuum equipment modules Perform all the hardware interface [ 4] includes: Control and status applications programs Provide operator interaction from the consoles. [ 5] described-by: Controle du System a Vide du Booster 11-2-80 Operational specification of the software [ 6] includes: PSB Pump Surveillance System PCP 228 Allows rapid monitoring of pressure changes [number ]
• 10. 10 1990 – WWW Architecture
• 11. 11 The Web expands ... 1. TBL's Next Computer at CERN 2. PC from early '90's 3. MacbookPro 6. HTML5 in the Car (QNX) 5. Connected TV 4. Smart Phone (Nexus S)
• 12. 12 What is the W3C? ● International community where Members, a full-time staff and the public collaborate to develop Web standards ● Led by Web inventor Tim Berners-Lee and CEO Jeff Jaffe ● Hosted by MIT, ERCIM, Keio and Beihang ● Community Groups open to all at no fee ● Business Groups get more staff support ● Technical Working Groups ● Develop specs into W3C Recommendations ● Participants from W3C Members and invited experts ● W3C Patent process for royalty free specifications
• 13. The Open Web Platform
• 14. 14 The Open Web Platform
• 15. 15 Advantages of the Open Web Platform ● HTML5 and the Open Web Platform as the obvious choice when you want to reach out to many devices ● Non-proprietary open standards, that can be implemented free of royalties ● Huge pool of developers ● Reduced learning curve, and lower cost – Compared to languages and SDKs for iOS, Android, Windows 8, ... ● Avoid overheads associated with native app stores ● New – HTML for system applications ● Trusted apps with rich connection to the device – http://www.w3.org/2012/sysapps/
• 16. 16 Rich access to device capabilities ● Mouse, touch and key press events ● Location, motion, proximity and orientation ● Microphone, camera and ambient light ● Address book and calendar data ● Battery status and vibration ● Notifications ● Network information ● Others, e.g. NFC and secure elements
• 17. 17 The Internet of Things
• 18. 18 What is the Internet of Things? ● Continuing advances in integrated circuits and networking technologies ● This has made it practical to deploy a wide range of connected sensors and actuators ● Smart phones with a multiplicity of sensors ● Sensors arrays designed for long battery life ● RFID, NFC and bar codes for physical objects with a virtual world presence ● IoT research work focus on low level communication ● But until now, little effort on easy app development
• 19. 19 What makes the IoT interesting? ● What are some of the use cases? – Smart cities – Smart homes – Smart healthcare – Smart retail ● What are some of the challenges? ● Security, privacy, scalability, open ecosystems ● What are some of the things we can expect next? ● Open platforms, open markets and open standards
• 20. 20 Which Sectors will benefit from the IoT and IoS? From an unpublished survey in 2013 by Compose project
• 21. 21 Which factors influence IoT solution purchasers?
• 22. 22 Smart Cities ● Collecting and exploiting information to make cities more efficient and better places to live and work ● Transport – Journey planning (car, bus, tram, metro, train, walking, cycling) – Parking (directions to parking space, finding your car) – Smarter control over traffic lights ● Smart utilities – e.g. electricity, gas, and water ● Finding out what's on and where (location based search) – Shopping, entertainment, sports, ... ● City planning based upon richer data
• 23. 23 Smart City Expo World Congress 2012 http://www.smartcityexpo.com/
• 24. 24 Smart Homes ● Lots of opportunities for the IoT in your home ● Security and remote monitoring ● Heating, lighting, and watering the plants – Saving you money on your utility bills – Based upon your habits, weather forecast, ... ● Services that span your personal devices – Entertainment, journey planning, ... ● Home healthcare (see smart healthcare) ● Smart warranties for white goods – Enabling 3rd parties to monitor health of your devices – Proactive service appointments at your convenience
• 25. 25 Smart Healthcare ● As we live longer healthcare costs are rising unsustainably ● Smart sensors and actuators will enable more people to be treated at home under the remote supervision of their local doctor ● Offering better quality of life, better outcomes and reduced costs ● But, we need to rise to the challenges of privacy and security
• 26. 26 Smart Retail ● Tags on products will enable more and better information ● Provenance – where was this made, and were the suppliers treated fairly? ● Will I (or a member of my family) have an allergic reaction to eating this food, and what recommendations are there for safe alternatives? ● Help with planning my meals – healthy recipes for those on a budget ● I want to see independent reviews before purchase! ● What other items of clothing would complement this one? ● I want to see how I would look in a given combination of clothes ● Tailor made clothing manufactured to fit me perfectly ● What products do my friends (or the celebrities I follow) recommend? ● Instant check out – no more queuing at the busy sales tills ● Third party services to help my manage my budget
• 27. 27 Smart Meters Enable people to learn to reduce their consumption, and lower the cost of their bills. If lots of people do this, we can reduce risk of power cuts from overloaded power grids, and help the environment! Electricity meter – Southern Electric (UK) Gas meter – British Gas
• 28. 28 Open source hardware ● For DIY projects
• 29. 29 Publishing your sensor data http://cosm.com/
• 30. 30 Web of Things ● Applying web technologies to reduce the cost of implementing services ● RESTful HTTP, Web Sockets, etc. for communication ● JavaScript APIs acting on local proxies ● Overlay networking model to hide information that is best dealt with at a lower level of abstraction ● Rich descriptions and live context management ● Distributed processing (in devices and in the cloud) – Sticky policies for privacy and access control ● Re-establishing control over your personal devices, apps, services and data – Personal Zones
• 31. 31 EU FP7 Compose Project ● Enabling open markets of services for the Internet of Things http://www.compose-project.eu/
• 32. 32 ● Scalable cloud based services ● CouchDB for JSON, and Sparql for linked data ● Smart service objects in the cloud as proxies for sensors and actuators ● Hiding details of communication with the devices for optimization of battery and network ● Services as compositions of smart objects and other services ● Some generating data, others presenting UI components for embedding in web pages and apps ● Biological metaphors with pipelined services for perception and actuation ● APIs using RESTful HTTP or JavaScript proxy objects ● JSON and JSON-LD for service descriptions ● Suite of APIs for open markets of services ● Registration, discovery, payments, updates, reviews and reputation management
• 33. 33 Objects as Proxies for Services hidden messaging layer script Internet Object API script Object Scripts running within web run-time, or embedded agent or cloud, e.g. using node.js Device Device API
• 34. Public / Private script Private Agent NAT or Firewall script Public Agent script Public Agent NAT or Firewall script Private Agent Appliance, Phone or Laptop Appliance, Phone or Laptop Cloud server Cloud server
• 35. 35 Webinos Project ● EU FP7 project to create a platform for apps spanning desktop, smart phones, tablets, connected TVs and cars ● Trusted Web apps based upon a suite of APIs ● Secure mutual authentication of devices ● Webinos hub for 24x7 access from the Internet ● Webinos as a basis for apps for the Internet of Things
• 36. 36 Personal Zones TV Phone Tablet Laptop House Car Hub TV Phone Laptop Security Car Hub Getting the most out of my devices Inter zone peer to peer social apps InternetPersonal apps shared with others and available 24x7 Webinos – a pioneering non-proprietary cross device Secure Web Platform Multiscreen/multidevice apps Home Healthcare Trusted Applications with rich access to device Capabilities Lighting http://www.webinos.org/
• 37. 37 Re-establishing control over your devices and personal data ● Today companies provide services, but require centralization of personal data over which you have little control, making it hard to switch companies ● Personal Zones provide an architecture for reclaiming control! ● You decide what/when to share with 3rd parties ● This facilitates intent based smart search! ● Your data is managed within your zone, by the services you install ● This works well for IoT devices!
• 38. W3C Community Groups ● W3C has created Community Groups so that developers, designers, and anyone passionate about the Web has a place to have discussions and publish documents. ● A W3C Community Group is an open forum, without fees, where Web developers and other stakeholders develop specifications, hold discussions, develop test suites, and connect with W3C's international community of Web experts. http://www.w3.org/community/
• 39. 39 W3C Community Group for the Web of Things
• 40. 40 What is the Web of Things ● Web technologies to facilitate the development of applications and services for the Internet of Things, i.e. physical objects and their virtual representation ● This includes sensors and actuators, as well as physical objects tagged with a bar code or NFC ● Some relevant Web technologies include HTTP for accessing RESTful services, and for naming objects as a basis for linked data and rich descriptions, and JavaScript APIs for virtual objects acting as proxies for real-world objects
• 41. 41 Web of Things CG – Aims ● To accelerate the adoption of Web technologies as a basis for enabling services for the Internet of Things ● Collect use cases as a basis for requirements ● Document architecture for the Web of Things ● Review existing standards and their applicability ● Identify gaps where new standards are needed ● Help to create broader awareness ● Engage with the developer community to share experiences http://www.w3.org/community/wot/charter/
• 42. 42 Web of Things CG ● Goal: accelerate the adoption of Web technologies as a basis for enabling services for the Internet of Things ● Collect use cases as a basis for identifying requirements ● Develop materials describing an architecture for the Web of Things ● Review of existing standards and their applicability ● Identify gaps where new standards would be appropriate ● Develop proposals for new standards as needed ● Identify opportunities for creating broader awareness of the Web of Things ● Engage with the developer community to gather implementation experience ● Help realise the potential of the Web of Things ● Free for everyone to join ● http://www.w3.org/community/wot/
• 43. 43 Any other questions? Dave Raggett <dsr@w3.org> Join W3C to help drive the Web to its full potential – http://www.w3.org/